Artificial intelligence, often viewed through the lens of cold algorithms and data streams, finds its most profound application in the realm of human health, particularly in the diagnosis of conditions that have long eluded understanding. This powerful synergy of technology and human purpose was at the core of the discussion between Katherine Stueland, CEO of GeneDx, and Julia Boorstin on CNBC’s "Changemakers and Power Players" spotlight. Their conversation illuminated GeneDx’s recent trajectory of growth, its pioneering use of AI, and its unwavering mission to revolutionize the diagnosis of rare diseases.
GeneDx, a company with a 25-year legacy, has long been a vanguard in pinpointing the hardest-to-diagnose genetic conditions, a significant portion of which affect children. Stueland highlighted a sobering statistic: one in ten Americans lives with a rare disease, and half of these individuals are children. For many of these young patients, the diagnostic journey is arduous, stretching over an average of five years—a critical period during which disease progression can significantly impact a child's development and quality of life.
The transformative power of AI is precisely where Stueland sees the future of diagnostics. GeneDx is leveraging AI to dramatically shorten this diagnostic odyssey, cutting the timeline to as little as three weeks, and remarkably, down to 48 hours in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). This acceleration is not merely about speed; it's about preventing irreversible disease progression and enabling timely, often life-saving, interventions. Stueland articulated a bold vision for the future: universal newborn screening that could identify genetic conditions at birth, allowing for immediate, individualized therapeutic strategies.
Achieving such ambitious goals requires a robust business model, especially within the complex landscape of the diagnostics industry. Stueland openly discussed the inherent challenges, noting that diagnostic services are rarely reimbursed at 100%, with even "best-in-class" companies receiving only 70-80% of their costs. GeneDx’s strategy under her leadership has been to focus on areas with strong reimbursement, such as epilepsy, autism, developmental delay, and missed milestones. This targeted approach contributed to a remarkable 56% increase in revenue last year, demonstrating that purpose and profitability can indeed coexist. Stueland emphasized, "The growth in revenue really was driven by a healthy balance of opening up access with volume, but also making sure that we were focused in areas where we could get paid for that volume."
Equitable access is a cornerstone of GeneDx's mission. The company proactively invested in state-by-state Medicaid populations, gathering crucial data even before specific Medicaid policies for genetic testing were established. This forward-thinking approach has resulted in 35 states now covering outpatient genetic testing and 16 states covering NICU testing, creating a truly diverse genetic database. This commitment to inclusivity, coupled with cost reduction through scale, is vital. Stueland stated unequivocally, "Bringing down the cost is key to access, 100%." By diagnosing conditions earlier, GeneDx not only improves patient outcomes but also generates significant health economic data, proving that early diagnosis saves the healthcare system substantial dollars that would otherwise be spent treating symptoms without understanding the root cause.
GeneDx's deployment of AI extends across three critical areas. Firstly, it optimizes business operations for scalability, streamlining processes to ensure tests are efficiently covered by insurance. Secondly, the company's vast data asset, comprising over 800,000 exomes and genomes—the largest rare disease dataset in the United States—is being continuously enriched with familial and phenotypic information. Finally, AI is transforming the diagnostic process itself. Where clinical geneticists once manually sifted through immense amounts of genetic and clinical data, AI now acts as a powerful co-pilot. "AI is serving up what the most likely answer is, and it enables them to be able to make the definitive call," Stueland explained, underscoring AI's role in empowering human expertise rather than replacing it, ultimately delivering "life-changing information" to families.
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Stueland's personal journey has profoundly shaped her leadership and GeneDx's mission. With a background in English Literature and Communications, her path into life sciences was atypical, yet deeply personal. Her family's experience with cystic fibrosis, including the loss of a sister, instilled in her a profound sense of purpose. This personal drive fueled her desire to bring together researchers, clinicians, patient advocates, and investors to address critical health problems.
Her leadership style is characterized by a blend of authenticity, vulnerability, and courage. Stueland candidly admitted to initially having "no interest in being a CEO," feeling more comfortable as a "great right-hand person," a sentiment she noted is common among women. However, she embraced the challenge, driven by curiosity and a conviction in GeneDx's technology and mission. Her breakthrough came when she realized, "I actually knew everything that I needed to know in order to do the job." This late-onset confidence, she suggested, stems from a willingness to listen, ask probing questions, and prepare diligently. For Stueland, true leadership involves making courageous decisions, even when the path is uncertain, and fostering an environment where dialogue and challenging the status quo are encouraged. She emphasized the importance of believing in oneself and taking decisive action, rather than succumbing to self-doubt.
